Hydrocarbon-fuel burner.



a 3 `Iglu/61650215 A. W. CLARKE L L. M. CARL.

HYDROCARBON FUEL BURNER. APPucAHoN FILED N0v.3, 1917.

1,292,258. Patented Jan.21,1919.

nu muur una u1. ruamuma. immuun. n c

yand LEE M. CARL,

yUNITED STATES PAT-ENT OFFICE.

ALLEN W.'CLARKEAND OF JEFFERSONVILLE, INDIANA, ASSIGNORS TO AMERICAN CAR AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, OFST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION A0E NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patented Jan. 21, 1919.

Application led November 8, 1917.. Serial No. 200,940.

" T0 all lwhom it may concern Beit knoWn that we, ALLEN W. CLARKE residing; at Jeffersonville, Indiana, and being citizens vof the United States,have1invented certain new-and use- Burners, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact enable others skilled inthe art lto which it appertainsto make and to use thesame, ref- 4 erence being` had to the accompanying draw- 'VlIlgS' of the invention, though it is tobe understood that the inventionis not limited to .theexact details of construction -showirand which illustrate the preferred :form

described, as it is obviousthat various modications thereof within the scope ofthe claims will occur to persons skilled in the art.

L In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a `plan viewof the improved hydrocarbon fuel burner .showing a short section of supply pipe leading thereto; and Fig. 2 is a vertical section thereof taken .on theline 2-2 of Fig. l.

' This invention relates yto burners for hy- Adrocarbon fuels in which there is a generatling chamber forthe conversion ofv liquid fuel intogas, thev chamber forming', shell being supported ,bythe upper end portion of'an outlet conduitl fromuthe chamber. .1 Such v yonduit serves as astandard for supporting the chamberedn generator, and `extends .v upvwardly from a base with which it is rigidly combined.

This base isV in thev form of a receptacle `for liquid fuel adapted to preheat the generating chamber, which is spacedV above and over the base.A` Liquid fuel may be poured directly into the `base-forming 4preheating receptacle, but provision is made for feed ing fuel into the generating 4.chamber from which it may How throughthe standard-like outlet conduit to escape therefrom into the preheati-ng receptacle to be, if desired, received by suitable absorbent material. The orifice from which the liquid fuel escapes into the preheati'ng vreceptacle is positioned under the generating chamber at a predetermined distance, whereby vcertain advanta geous results are obtained.K After the liquid fuel initially introduced 3 into the base-like receptacle is ignited and has preheated the generating chamber, the fuel fedA intomthe chamber will vaporize-and'rpass down the standard-forming conduit into the baselike Hydrocarbon Fuelv description, such as. will under-the generator, the distance between the-orificefand this zone being sufficient to A,permit a proper mixture of air with the gas.

, Another object is to provide the generating -chamber with a top outlet which promotes a steady flow ofthe fuel, -prevents liquid fuel from accompanying the gasified fuel into theoutlet conduit from the chain- .ber after the preheating has been completed,

and which also tends to prevent foreign particles from passing into the outlet conduit that leads to the burner orifice.

:Other features becoming apparent hereinafter are also `to be regarded as coming within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates a -vpreheating ,pan or receptacle-and 2 afpipe yor tublar standard extending upwardly therefrom. lThe upper and lower portions of pipe 2 are bent to be disposed horizontally, the lower horizontal portion of pipe 2 lying on the bottom wall of preheating pan 1 and being weldedthereto as at m. After being bent upwardly, the lower portion of pipe 2 is further ywelded to the vertical wall of preheating pan 1, as at y.

`The upper horizontally bent portion of pipe 2 extends to a position over preheating pan 1 and is shown as having its upper terminal threaded. Screwed or otherwise :aiiXed to the terminal ofthe upper horizontallyflisposed portion of pipe 2, is a gas generator 3 provided with a top outlet 4 into which the upper end ofpipe 2 is introduced, and there connected.

The gas generator, in theembodiment being described, is disk-like. and isformed of spaced plates and an annular ring unitarily joined together. One of the plates 3 is flat and forms the bottom wall, while the top wallI is formed by the other plate 3", and the vertical or side wall by the .ring 3c. The spacing of the top and bottomplates by the ring forms a chamber 5, which is the main or lvaporizing chamber.

The top outlet 4, as shown, hasthe general appearance of an elbow pipe fitting and being hollow provides a chamber l therein.

The Aoutlet -1- is integral with the top platev l ln order that fuel may be fed into the chamber 5, the ring or vertical wall 3c is provided with a threadedI opening 6, and concentric with the opening is a boss '7 that serves to strengthen the wall and at the same time provide for a greater length of threads.

Screwed into threaded aperture 6 of the J generating chamber 5, is a bushing 8 having an outer hexagonal head, which bushing is provided with an internal passage. Into the end of this passage in bushing 8 which opens into generating chamber 5, is projected a pipe 9 that is secured tc bushing 8 preferabl'y'by welding` it therewith at e.

For an appropriate distance inwardly Y from theheaded end of bushingvS, the pas- 'v sage through that bushing is threaded to receive the end of a supply pipe 10. `Supply pipe 10 leads in suitable manner to a supply tank 11 adapted to contain hydrocarbon fuel, and is provided, intermediate the tank 11 and the generating chamber 5, with a control valve 12.

Desiring to use the hydrocarbon burner, liquid fuel is first introduced into Qreheating pan 1 where it will be retained y suit-.

able material, such as the asbestos sheet 18. This liquid fuel may be directly poured into pan 1 or valve 12 may be opened. When the latter method is employed, hydrocarbon fuel will flow through supply pipe 10 and pipe 9 to be discharged into generating chamber 5 of thev gas generator 3. Pipe 9 projects from the inlet of the generating chamber 5 to extend past the top outlet 4 and close'to the opposite side of thegener- `ating chamber, thereby preventing the oil from immediately 4passing into pipe 2, the discharge end of pipe 9 being beveled to create anA overhanging shield 14 which further contributes to this end.

As the hydrocarbon fuel continues to flow into generating chamber 5, it rises in top outlet 4, thereafter escaping through the upper end of pipe 2 to pass down that pipe into its lower horizontal portion that is located in the bottom of preheating pan 1. Throughthe upper side of the wall of the lower horizontal portion of pipe 2 is an outlet orifice 15 through which the liquid fuel escapes into the preheating nan, the adjacent end of pipe 2 being sealed by welding the wall of the pipe, or by inserting a plug into the end of the pipe and welding it to the wall, as at w.

A suitable amount of liquid fuel having been admitted to preheating pan 1, valve 12 may be closed and the fuel ignited, the resulting flame preheating generating cha1nber 5 and converting the liquid fuel therein into gas. As the liquid fuel initially admitted to preheating pan 1 is consumed, the gas now developed in generating chamber 5 will pass through pipe 2, and, after that pipe has become free of liquid fuel, this gas will escape through orifice 15 and flow toward the under side of generating chamber 5.

It has been found by experience that certain advantageous resultscan be obtained by accurately spacing orifice 15 below the bottom wall of the gasv generating chamber 5. In a device of the proportions illustrated, by spacing orifice 15 three and one-half inches below the bottom wall 3& of chamber 5 will give excellent results. l/Vith lthe, orifice so spaced below generating chamber 5, the gas issuing from orifice 15 will burn in practical operation directly under the bottom wall of f generating chamber 5, and the space between orifice 15 and that zone is sufficient to allow such a mixture of air with the issuing gas that a blue flame, indicating substantially perfect combustion, will result. As the bottom wall 32L of the chamber 5 is the lower flat end of a cylindrical body, the flame in impinging against it will spread, the flat surl face assisting in preserving the blue flame.

The outlet 4 of the gas generator is adapted to serve as a dome in which under service conditions the liquid fuel does not rise to escape through pipe 2. Except for the pres-V ence of pipe 9 and hydrocarbon fuel, generating chamber 5 is unoccupied, save as for such foreign particles as mayA enter this chamber. Because ofthe positioning of top outlet 4, these foreign particles are unable to rise to pipe 2 during the operation ofthe burner and enter it, As the chamber 4n is arranged or superposed above the chamber 5, it will serve to collect the gas. Should any chamber 4a it will condense on the wall there` of and ldrip onto the hot bottom wall 3a.

The burner is compact andsuch parts of it as require little or no attention are rigidly united, but provision is made whereby the casting constituting the gas generator may be removed and cleaned. To accomplish this, supply pipe 10 may be disconnected from bushing 8, and said bushing may be screwed out of orifice 6. With the removalvv of the bushing, pipe 9, which is welded or otherwise secured to it, is withdrawn and the gas generating chamber 5 may be screwed 0H the upper horizontally disposed end of pipe 2. By suitable washing or with the use of a blast, the interior of the gas generator 3 may be thoroughly cleansed, after which the parts may be assembled as shown in the drawings. Y

aanwas What we claim is:

l. A gas generator for hydrocarbon fuels comprising a hollow disk-like member formed with a smooth-walled single clear chamber having a threaded inlet port in one side thereof and provided with a unitary superposed chamber having one of its lateral walls provided with a threaded outlet port.

2. A burner for hydrocarbon fuel comprising a receptacle for preheating fuel forming al cup-like base, a conduit having a closed end lower portion bent and unitarily secured in the receptacle, said lower portion having an orifice near said closed end, said conduit extending upwardly from the receptacle and having a bent upper portion provided with a threaded open end, a gas generator composed of superposed clear chambers, each of said chambers being provided with a threaded port in a side wall, the port in the upper chamber being connected with the threaded open vend of the conduit,and a bushed and removable pipe adapted for connection with the threaded port in the lower chamber to extend thereacross to discharge fuel near the opposite side of said chamber.

3. A burner for hydrocarbon fuel comprising a pan-like receptacle for preheating` fuel, a'eonduit secured therein to extend upwardly therefrom and having upper open end and lower closed end portions laterally deflected, there being an outlet orifice formed in said lower deflected portion, a gas generator provided with superposed communicating chambers connected with and supported by the defleotedconduit portion over and above said orifice and in communication therewith through said conduit, and a pipe extending withinA the gas generator' adapted to discharge liquid fuel into the gas generator chamber'. j

4. In combination in a burner for hydrocarbon fuel, a pan-like receptacle for preheating fuel, a single chambered gas generator spaced vertically above the same and having a collecting chamber thereon, which latter `chamber is provided with a side outlet, a conduit having a closed end lower portion rigidly unified with and disposed in said receptacle tov extend along the bottom thereof and upwardly therefrom for connection with said outlet, there being an outlet orifice inthe lower part of said conduit directed upward toward the bottom of said gas generator, and a unified bushed and detachable pipe having an obliquely cut open end and adapted to supply liquid fuel to the gas generator chamber.

5. In combination in a burner for hydrocarbon fuel, a receptacle for preheating fuel, a conduit entering and extending above and over the same, a gas generator supported `thereby and having a single clear chamber therein and an inlet therefor, said chamber and-inlet both being positioned below the upper end of said conduit, the upper wall of said chamber ha ving a chambered 1 top outlet thereon from which the conduit leads to an orifice therein below the bottom wall of said chamber, a discharge pipe rigid with the wall of said chamber extending diametrically thereacross from its inlet to adjacent the opposite side of the chamber, and a pipe adapted to convey liquid fuel to said discharge pipe.

6. In combination in a burner for hydrocarbon fuel, a receptacle for preheating fluid, a gas generator spaced thereabovc having a chamber provided with an inlet and an outlet located, respectively, at theside andtop of said chamber, a bushing held in "fuel into said chamber, and a conduit leading from said chamber top outlet to an outlet orifice in the lower portion of the conduit, said orifice being predeterminedly positioned below the flat bottom chamber wall and coperating therewith so that gas issuing from said orifice will mix with air without igniting until in proximity to said chamber bottom wall, and there burning with a substantially blue flame.

8. In combination in a burner for hydrocarbon fuel, a gas generator comprising an unobstructed main chamber portion having a flat bottom wall, a top wall and a side wall containing an inlet aperture. the top wall having a dome-like portion projecting above its normal upper surface and containing an outlet aperture, and a removable discharge pipe adapted to project into and partly across said chamber, said pipe being unified with a bushing t'o permit said pipe to be removably positioned in said inlet aperture and to be connected to a fuel supply pip@- 9. In combination in a burner for hydrocarbon fuel, a' gas generator comprising a main chamber portion having a flat bottom wall, a top wall and a side wall containing an inlet aperture, the top wall having a chambered dome-like portion thereon to project above its normal upper surface and provided with an outlet aperture, and a removable discharge pipe projecting horizontally into and partly across said chamber, said pipe being unified with a bushing adapted to be lli) removably positioned in said inlet aperture and to be connected to a fuel supply pipe.

10. In combination in a burner for hydrocarbon fuel, a receptacle for receiving preheating fuel, a conduit having near one of its ends a fuel discharge opening for and in the receptacle and connected thereto, a hollow disk-like gas generator provided on its upper wall with a chamber having an outlet in a side wall thereof for connection with the conduit, said generator having in its side wall a threaded inlet opening, a bushed inlet pipe adapted to coperate with said latter opening to project therethrough within and horizontally across the gas generator so that its free end terminates near the side opposite the threaded opening, and a pipe adapted to convey liquid fuel from a source of supply to the bushed inlet pipe.

11. A gas generator for hydrocarbon fuels comprising a hollow disk-like member having a threaded inlet port in a side wall thereof and provided on its upper side with a unitarily joined chamber having in one of its lateral Walls a threaded outlet port, and a unified bushed inlet pipe for engaging with the inlet port and projecting within and across the disk-like member to terminate near the wall on the side opposite the threaded inlet port.

12. A gas generator for hydrocarbon fuels comprising a hollow disk-like member having a single, clear chamber therein and provided with a threaded inlet port, the central portion of the upper wall of said member being dome-like to form a chamber having communication with the first chamber, said central portion having a vertical wall provided with a threaded outlet port.

13. As a new article of manufacture, agas generator comprising a hollow disk-like casting having a single clear chamber and provided with a threaded inlet port in a side wall thereof with the center portion of its top wall projected therefrom to form a chamber therein for communication with the first chamber and having a threaded outlet port in a side wall thereof, said po-rts being directed oppositely to each other in horizontally parallel planes.

14. As a new article of manufacture, a gas generator formed of a. hollow disk-like unitary casting producing a clear smooth walled main chamber therein with a collecting chamber superposed thereon having communication with the main chamber, each of said chambers having a threaded port to cooperate with a pipe.

15. A `burner for hydrocarbon fuels comprising a pan-like receptacle for preheating fuel and forming a base, a U-shaped conduit having one of its limbs secured to and in the receptacle so that the `transverse portion of the U extends upwardly therefrom, said limbA having a perforation near its outer and closed end serving as fuel-opening a gas generator composed of a single cham er forming member having a threaded outlet port in a side wall, a dome-like projection on and formed by the upper wall of said 7 generator inclosing a chamber having communication with the rst chamber, said projection including a vertical 'wall having a threaded outlet port to coperate with the other limb of the conduit, a removable buslr 7, ing to coperate with the threaded port in the side wall of the first chamber and having unified therewith an inlet pipe adapted to extend across the chamber with its end disposed adjacent the opposite wall of said 8( chamber, and a pipe connected with the bushing to supply fuel to said chamber and conduit.

16. A burner for hydrocarbon fuel comprising a circular walled open top cup for receiving preheating fuel, a conduit having a bent lower portion uni-fied with a side wall and the bottom of the cup, th-e outer end of said conduit being closed and having an orifice formed in the wall of the conduit, the upper end of the conduit being also bent to lie in a plane parallel to lower portion, said upper porti-on being of less length than the lower portion, a gas generator composed of nsuperposed communicating chambers, each of said chambers being formed free of obstructions and provided with threaded ports, the upper one of said chambers being connected to the upper end of the conduit for supporting the generator, a bushing having 10( an outlet pipe unified therewith for connection with the port in the lower chamber and to extend thereacross with its free end angularly directed toward the bottom thereof, said generator being substantially circular in outline and of lesser diameter than the preheating fuel cup.

17. A burner" for hydrocarbon fuel comprising a gas generator composed of a main generating chamber and a communicating superposed gas collecting chamber, each of said chambers being provided in a. side ywall with a threaded port, a receptacle below said generator adapted to receive preheating fuel, a. continuous length conduit having a lower portion provided with a closed end and with an orifice near said end, said portion being unified with the bottom and a side wall of the receptacle, the end ofthe upper portion being open and threaded f-or 120 connection with the gas collecting chamber,

a bushing to cooperate with the threaded port of the gas generating chamber, a discharge pipe unified with the bushing and adapted to project across said latter chamber on one diameter thereof to discharge fuel onto the bottom Wall of the generator adjacent a side wall, and a fuel supply pipe adapted to be connected to the bushing.

18. A burner for hydrocarbon fuel comprising an open cup-like receptacle for rctaining preheating fuel, a conduit having a closed end bent lower portion secured in the receptacle to a side wall and a bottom wall and provided with an orifice near the closed end, Said conduit extending vertically upward from the side wall and having abent upper portion provided with a threaded and open end, a hollow disk-like gas generator formed with a single clear chamber in the body thereof and a collecting chamber formed by an outwardly projecting portion of the top Wall, each of said chambers having a threaded port in a side wall, the port in the collecting chamber being connected with threaded open end of the conduit which Gopiel ot this patent may be obtained for serves as a support for the generator, a bushing to coperate with the other port, an open-ended pipe unified with the bushing to project diametrically across the clear chamber for discharging fuel near the op- ALLEN W. CLARKE. LEE M. CARL.

Witnesses:

C. C. EASTMAN, WILLIAM P. DIXON.

ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patenti,

Washington, D. Q, 

